Apple Logic Pro X - Manual (Page 418)

Chapter 15 Advanced edit features 418
Program change events
Program change events transmitted to connected MIDI devices are used for patch (preset or
setting) selection. These may be sounds in a synthesizer, programs in an effects unit, or snapshots
in an automated mixing desk, for example.
•
Ch(annel): MIDI channel of an event from 1 to 16.
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Num(ber): Bank select. Normally you will see this symbol (-), which indicates no bank select
message will be sent. If you assign a number between 0 and 126, a bank select event is sent
before the program change event.
Bank select lets you address different sound banks (preset, internal, card, and so on) of
connected MIDI keyboards and modules. The synthesizer must be able to recognize controller
32 as bank select, but this standard is not used by all manufacturers.
If you have problems with bank select, check your synthesizer’s manual to see whether, and
how, it responds to bank select commands.
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Val(ue): A program number between 0 and 127.
•
Some manufacturers (such as Yamaha) number the programs in their devices from 1 to 128,
not 0 to 127. If you have devices that follow this numbering protocol, you need to subtract
1 from the program number shown on the device itself, when adding or altering a program
change event.
•
Other manufacturers use various methods of dividing internal memory locations into groups
(or banks) and sounds. The most common is divisions into 8 groups of 8 sounds, each
numbered 1 to 8. These devices respond to program numbers 0 to 63 by addressing storage
locations 11 to 88. The instruction manuals for these devices should contain conversion
tables to assist you.
Note: You can change the type of bank select messages sent by Logic Pro, if necessary for your
devices. For more information, see
Custom bank selects on page 784.
Aftertouch events
Aftertouch (or channel pressure) events are generated by a mechanical pressure sensor beneath
some MIDI keyboards. These events can be used to modulate the synthesizer sound. All note
events on a particular MIDI channel are affected. This means that applying pressure to one note
in a held chord affects all notes in the chord.
•
Ch(annel): MIDI channel of an event from 1 to 16.
•
Num(ber): This column is unused, as aftertouch events only have one data byte.
•
Val(ue): Displays the amount of pressure on the keyboard (0 to 127).