Retrotec USACE - Manual (Page 110)

88 ENERGY & PROCESS ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL
1.3.7 Building Automation System
The objective of an energy management, building and process automation
system is to achieve an optimal level of control, for occupant comfort, indoor
air quality, as well as environmental parameters required by processes. These
control systems are integrating components to fans, pumps, heating and cool-
ing equipment, dampers, valves, thermostats, sensors, process equipments,
lighting systems, and so forth. Defi ciencies in operation of these systems result
in discomfort, reduced productivity, health hazards, reduced throughput, ex-
cessive energy use, and damage to the building fabric. Table 9 provides some
examples of ineffi cient control strategies summarized by system category.
TABLE 9. ENERGY-INEFFICIENT CONTROLS STRATEGIES.
Problem description
Waste/
ineffi ciency Reference/
appendix
Ventilation
system Process ventilation systems that operate continuously with the pro-
cess turned off
Waste D2.1.7.
Central exhaust ventilation system connected to multiple hoods operate
at a constant airfl ow with a diverse manufacturing process: contami-
nant emission occurs at less than 75% working places simultaneously
Waste D2.1.8
Heating and
cooling systems
Failure to reset temperature of unoccupied spaces Waste D2.2.5
Boiler system Boiler cycling on and off at low loads Ineffi ciency D4.1.23
Chiller system Inoperable, uncalibrated, or poorly adjusted controls Ineffi ciency D4.2.3
Ineffi cient chiller plant control strategies Ineffi ciency D4.2.13
Control of fans and pumps not based on cooling tower water
temperature
Ineffi ciency D4.2.22
Compressed
air system Inoperable, uncalibrated, or poorly adjusted controls Ineffi ciency D4.3.7.
Lack of compressor system control system Ineffi ciency D4.3.16.
Lighting
systems Leaving electric lighting on in daylight spaces during daylight hours. Waste D5.2
Having the entire fl oor of a building lit when only a few people are
working
Waste D5.3
Leaving lights on in unoccupied spaces Waste D5.4
Leaving outdoor lighting on during the daylight hours Waste D5.5