Maxim Integrated Ultra-High-Speed Flash Microcontroller - Manual (Page 101)

7-9
Power Management Modes
Power consumption in CMOS microcontrollers is a function of operating frequency. The power management mode (PMM) feature allows
software to dynamically match operating frequency and current consumption with the need for processing power. Instead of the default
one clock per machine cycle, PMM utilizes 1024 clocks per cycle to conserve power.
Several special features have been added to enhance the function of the PMM. The switchback feature allows the device to almost
instantaneously return to divide-by-1 mode upon detection of an enabled external interrupt or the receipt of a falling edge on a serial
port receiver pin. The advantages of this become apparent when one calculates the increased interrupt service time of a device oper-
ating in PMM. In addition, a device operating in PMM would normally be unable to sample an incoming serial transmission to proper-
ly receive it. The switchback feature, explained below, allows a device to return to divide-by-4 operation in time to receive incoming
serial port data and process interrupts with no loss in performance.
A status register (STATUS;C5h) prevents the device from accidentally reducing the clock rate during the servicing of an external inter-
rupt or serial port activity. This register can be interrogated to determine whether an interrupt is in progress, or if serial port activity is
occurring. Based on this information the software can delay or reject a planned change in the clock divider rate.
In addition, the ultra-high-speed flash microcontroller has the capability to operate from the internal ring oscillator during normal oper-
ation, not only during the crystal warmup period. Table 7-3 summarizes the new control bits associated with the power management
features.
Table 7-3. Power Management and Status Bit Summary
BIT NAME LOCATION FUNCTION
RESET
STATE
READ/WRITE ACCESS
CD1, CD0 PMR.7–6
Clock divider control
CD1 CD0 osc cycles per system clock cycle
0 0 Crystal multiplier
0 1 Reserved
1 0 1 (reset default)
1 1 1024 (PMM)
10
Write: 10 anytime;
00, 01, and 11 only when
previously in 10 state.
Unrestricted read.
SWB PMR.5
Switchback enable
0 = Interrupts and serial port activity will not affect clock divider
control bits
1 = Enabled interrupts and serial port activity will cause a
switchback
0 Unrestricted
PIS2:PIS0 STATUS.7:5
Priority Interrupt Status
101 = Level 4 interrupt (power fail) in progress
100 = Level 3 interrupt in progress
011 = Level 2 interrupt in progress
010 = Level 1 interrupt in progress
001 = Level 0 interrupt in progress
000 = No interrupt in progress
0 Read only
SPTA1 STATUS.3
Serial port 1 transmitter activity status
0 = Serial port 1 transmitter inactive
1 = Serial port 1 transmitter active
0 Read only
SPRA1 STATUS.2
Serial port 1 receiver activity status
0 = Serial port 1 receiver inactive
1 = Serial port 1 receiver active
0 Read only
SPTA0 STATUS.1
Serial port 0 transmitter activity status
0 = Serial port 0 transmitter inactive
1 = Serial port 0 transmitter active
0 Read only
SPRA0 STATUS.0
Serial port 0 receiver activity status
0 = Serial port 0 receiver inactive
1 = Serial port 0 receiver active
0 Read only
Ultra-High-Speed Flash
Microcontroller User’s Guide
Maxim Integrated