2 stp/rstp, 1 stp terminology, 2 stp port states – ZyXEL Communications Version 1.03 User Manual
Page 59: 1 stp terminology 5.2.2 stp port states, Table 15 stp path costs table 16 stp port states, 59 5.2 stp/rstp

Chapter 5 View
NetAtlas Workgroup User’s Guide
59
5.2 STP/RSTP
(R)STP detects and breaks network loops and provides backup links between switches,
bridges or routers. It allows a switch to interact with other (R)STP -compliant switches in your
network to ensure that only one path exists between any two stations on the network.
"
In this user’s guide, “STP” refers to both STP and RSTP.
5.2.1 STP Terminology
The root bridge is the base of the spanning tree; it is the bridge with the lowest identifier value
(MAC address).
Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame onto a LAN through that port. It is assigned
according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher
the cost - see the next table.
On each bridge, the root port is the port through which this bridge communicates with the root.
It is the port on this switch with the lowest path cost to the root (the root path cost). If there is
no root port, then this switch has been accepted as the root bridge of the spanning tree
network.
For each LAN segment, a designated bridge is selected. This bridge has the lowest cost to the
root among the bridges connected to the LAN.
5.2.2 STP Port States
STP assigns five port states (see next table) to eliminate packet looping. A bridge port is not
allowed to go directly from blocking state to forwarding state so as to eliminate transient
loops.
Table 15 STP Path Costs
LINK SPEED
RECOMMENDED VALUE RECOMMENDED RANGE
ALLOWED RANGE
4Mbps
250
100 to 1000
1 to 65535
10Mbps
100
50 to 600
1 to 65535
16Mbps
62
40 to 400
1 to 65535
100Mbps
19
10 to 60
1 to 65535
1Gbps
4
3 to 10
1 to 65535
10Gbps
2
1 to 5
1to 65535
Table 16 STP Port States
PORT STATE
DESCRIPTION
Disabled
STP is disabled (default).
Blocking
Only configuration and management BPDUs are received and processed.
Listening
All BPDUs are received and processed.