Rainbow Electronics ATmega163L - Manual (Page 4)

ATmega163(L)
4
The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly
connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction
executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times
faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.
The ATmega163 provides the following features: 16K bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash, 512 bytes EEPROM,
1024 bytes SRAM, 32 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with
compare modes, internal and external interrupts, a byte oriented 2-wire Serial Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC, a pro-
grammable Watchdog Timer with internal oscillator, a programmable serial UART, an SPI serial port, and four software
selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, timer/counters, SPI port, and
interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the oscillator, dis-
abling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset. In Power Save mode, the asynchronous timer
oscillator continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC
Noise Reduction Mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except asynchronous timer and ADC, to minimize switching
noise during ADC conversions.
The on-chip ISP Flash can be programmed through an SPI serial interface or a conventional programmer. By installing a
self-programming boot loader, the microcontroller can be updated within the application without any external components.
The boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the Application Flash memory. By combin-
ing an 8-bit CPU with In-System self-programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATmega163 is a powerful
microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.
The ATmega163 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C compilers,
macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, in-circuit emulators, and evaluation kits.
Pin Descriptions
VCC
Digital supply voltage
GND
Digital ground
Port A (PA7..PA0)
Port A serves as the analog inputs to the A/D Converter.
Port A also serves as an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port, if the A/D Converter is not used. Port pins can provide internal pull-up
resistors (selected for each bit). The Port A output buffers can sink 20mA and can drive LED displays directly. When pins
PA0 to PA7 are used as inputs and are externally pulled low, they will source current if the internal pull-up resistors are acti-
vated. The Port A pins are tristated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.
Port B (PB7..PB0)
Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port B output buffers can
sink 20 mA. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. Port
B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega83/163 as listed on page 100. The Port B pins are
tristated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.
Port C (PC7..PC0)
Port C is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port C output buffers can
sink 20 mA. As inputs, Port C pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The
Port C pins are tristated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.
Port C also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega163 as listed on page 107.