Xerox 242 - Manual (Page 255)

Glossary 247
Shingling A procedure that moves the image area of a page toward the direction
specified, usually towards the binding, in order to compensate for
creep.
Signature Sheet of printed pages which when folded becomes part of the
publication.
Solid The point in the picture printed with a dot area of 100%. See also
Highlights, Midtones and Shadows.
Spectrophotometer Spectrophotometer (X-Rite DTP41), which is a 24 band color
measurement instrument that reports densitometric, colorimetric and
spectral data.
Spot color An additional separation (fifth, or more) that is used with special inks
to achieve difficult color combinations, such as gold or chocolate
brown. Spot color is sometimes used by graphic artists to define
special corporate colors, for example, for company logos. On the Spire
CX260, spot colors are translated into CMYK values using a dictionary
that can be edited to adjust CMYK values.
Step and repeat The procedure of copying the same image by stepping it in position
both horizontally and vertically according to a predetermined layout.
Stochastic screening A method of creating frequency-modulated halftones that depends on
the number of laser dots in a given area rather than the size of the laser
dots in a given area. The dots are randomly placed and very small.
Areas with a higher dot percent have more spots exposed in that area
and those with a low dot percent have fewer spots. Stochastic
screening is used to eliminate moiré and improve picture detail and
sharpness in high-end color printing.
Subtractive color model A color process in which the red, green and blue components of the
original subject are reproduced as three super-imposed images in the
complementary (subtractive) colors of cyan, magenta and yellow
respectively. See also
CMYK, Process colors, Additive color model.
Three quartertone Tone area of an image influencing the shadow detail and with density
values between the Midtone and the Dark Point. Typically printed with
a dot area near 75%.
Tone compression The reduction of the density range of an original to the density range
achievable in the reproduction.
Tone reproduction curve A graph showing the density of each point of the original and its
corresponding density on the reproduction.
Trapping Creating and overlap (spread) or an underlap (choke) between colors
that adjoin each other to hide misregistration during printing. Trapping
is sometimes referred to as spreads and chokes, or fatties and skinnies.
UCR Abbreviation of Undercolor Removal. This is a method for reducing the
CMY content in neutral gray shadow areas of a reproduction and
replacing them with black. As a result, the reproduction appears
normal but less process color inks are used. See also
GCR.