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11 firewall thresholds, Figure 116 three-way handshake, Table 73 security > firewall > anti-probing – ZyXEL Communications ZyXEL ZyWALL 2WG User Manual

Page 221

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Chapter 11 Firewall

ZyWALL 2WG User’s Guide

221

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

11.11 Firewall Thresholds

For DoS

attacks, the ZyWALL uses thresholds to determine when to start dropping sessions

that do not become fully established (half-open sessions). These thresholds apply globally to
all sessions.
For TCP, half-open means that the session has not reached the established state-the TCP three-
way handshake has not yet been completed. Under normal circumstances, the application that
initiates a session sends a SYN (synchronize) packet to the receiving server. The receiver
sends back an ACK (acknowledgment) packet and its own SYN, and then the initiator
responds with an ACK (acknowledgment). After this handshake, a connection is established.

Figure 116 Three-Way Handshake

For UDP, half-open means that the firewall has detected no return traffic. An unusually high
number (or arrival rate) of half-open sessions could indicate a DOS attack.

Table 73 SECURITY > FIREWALL > Anti-Probing

LABEL

DESCRIPTION

Respond to PING

on

Select the check boxes of the interfaces that you want to reply to incoming Ping

requests.
Clear an interface’s check box to have the ZyWALL not respond to any Ping

requests that come into that interface.

Do not respond to

requests for

unauthorized

services.

Select this option to prevent hackers from finding the ZyWALL by probing for

unused ports. If you select this option, the ZyWALL will not respond to port

request(s) for unused ports, thus leaving the unused ports and the ZyWALL

unseen. If this option is not selected, the ZyWALL will reply with an ICMP port

unreachable packet for a port probe on its unused UDP ports and a TCP reset

packet for a port probe on its unused TCP ports.
Note that the probing packets must first traverse the ZyWALL's firewall rule

checks before reaching this anti-probing mechanism. Therefore if a firewall rule

stops a probing packet, the ZyWALL reacts based on the firewall rule to either

send a TCP reset packet for a blocked TCP packet (or an ICMP port-unreachable

packet for a blocked UDP packets) or just drop the packets without sending a

response packet.

Apply

Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyWALL.

Reset

Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.