Apple Final Cut Pro HD (4.5): New Features - Manual (Page 107)

Appendix High Definition Video Fundamentals 107
Note: The SMPTE RS170A standard actually specifies the color NTSC analog broadcast
format in use since 1953, and only roughly corresponds to the ATSC 640 x 480/60i format.
Each ATSC format also supports NTSC-speed variants: 23.98 (24), 29.97 (30), and 59.94
(60), calculated by multiplying whole number frame rates by 1000/1001 (which is a
slightly more accurate ratio than 29.97/30).
The Benefits of High Definition Video
High definition video formats are rapidly gaining acceptance in markets as varied as
sports broadcast and high-end feature films. Aesthetically, HD video is exceptionally
detailed and rich in color depth, and uses a widescreen aspect ratio similar to major
motion pictures. Technically, HD video formats are less restrictive than the analog SD
formats of the past. Because the latest formats are digital, the same physical videotape
can be used to store several different image sizes, frame rates, and scanning methods
with a simple flip of a switch. Even film cinematographers who once judged video
inadequate for film-quality work are discovering the benefits of HD acquisition and
postproduction without sacrificing image quality or the universal film frame rate (24 fps).
Here are some reasons why people choose high definition video as an alternative to
standard definition (SD) video:
• HD has a 16 x 9, widescreen aspect ratio.
• HD has increased horizontal and vertical resolution compared to SD.
• Multiple frame rate choices make it possible to shoot footage that’s compatible with
NTSC, PAL, or film.
• Progressive scanning eliminates interlacing artifacts (such as thin, horizontal line
flicker) and creates movies compatible with computer displays.
Here are some reasons why people choose high definition video as an alternative to film:
• The high resolution images are comparable to film.
• Digital formats allow for lossless archive copies and generations of post-production
processing such as color correction and image compositing.
• Footage can be watched immediately after shooting, removing lab processing time.
• Tape stock is cheaper than film stock, partly because there are no additional lab
processing costs.
• Longer recording times are possible on videotape than on film reels.
• An all-video post-production pipeline eliminates costly and time consuming film
scanning and output stages compared to hybrid digital film methods.
UP01022.Book Page 107 Tuesday, March 23, 2004 7:32 PM