H3C Technologies H3C SecBlade LB Cards - Manual (Page 254)

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Attack type Description
Source Route
A source route attack exploits the source route option in the IP header to probe the
topology of a network.
Smurf
A Smurf attacker sends large quantities of ICMP echo requests to the broadcast
address of the target network. As a result, all hosts on the target network will reply to
the requests. This causes network congestions, and hosts on the target network cannot
provide services.
TCP Flag
Some TCP flags are processed differently on different operating systems. A TCP flag
attacker sends TCP packets with such TCP flags to a target to probe its operating
system. If the operating system cannot process such packets properly, the attacker will
successfully make the host crash down.
Tracert
The Tracert program usually sends UDP packets with a large destination port number
and an increasing TTL (starting from 1). The TTL of a packet is decreased by 1 when the
packet passes each router. When a router gets a packet with a TTL of 0, the router must
send an ICMP time exceeded message back to the source IP address of the packet. A
Tracert attacker exploits the Tracert program to figure out the network topology.
WinNuke
A WinNuke attacker sends out-of-band data with the pointer field values overlapped to
the NetBIOS port (139) of a Windows system with an established connection to
introduce a NetBIOS fragment overlap. This causes the system to crash.
SYN Flood
A SYN flood attack exploits TCP SYN packets. Due to resource limitation, the number
of TCP connections that can be created on a device is limited. A SYN flood attacker
sends a barrage of spurious SYN packets to a victim to initiate TCP connections. As the
SYN_ACK packets that the victim sends in response can never get acknowledgments,
large amounts of half-open connections are created and retained on the victim. This
makes the victim inaccessible before the number of half-open connections drops to a
reasonable level due to timeout of half-open connections. In this way, a SYN flood
attack exhausts system resources such as memory on a system whose implementation
does not limit creation of connections.
ICMP Flood
An ICMP flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of ICMP echo
requests (such as ping packets) in a short period. This prevents the victim from
providing normal services.
UDP Flood
A UDP flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of UDP packets in
a short period. This disables the victim from providing normal services.
DNS Flood
A DNS flood attack overwhelms the victim with an enormous number of DNS query
requests in a short period. This disables the victim from providing normal services.
Number of
connections per
source IP exceeds the
threshold
When an internal user initiates a large number of connections to a host on the external
network in a short period of time, system resources on the device are used up soon.
This makes the device unable to service other users.
Number of
connections per dest
IP exceeds the
threshold
If an internal server receives large quantities of connection requests in a short period of
time, the server is not able to process normal connection requests from other hosts.