Apple Cinema Tools 3 - Manual (Page 187)

Chapter 11 Working With 24P Video and 24 fps EDLs 187
Adding and Removing Pull-Down in 24P Clips
Cinema Tools and Final Cut Pro have pull-down removal and addition features that
address issues specific to working with 24P video. Pull-down, as first mentioned in
“
Frame Rate Basics ” on page 22, is a process that adds redundant fields to video in
order to distribute 24 frames per second into the NTSC standard of 29.97 frames per
second. Some camcorders, such as the Panasonic AG-DVX100, are designed to shoot in
progressive mode at 24 fps (literally 23.98 fps), and then record the video to tape as a
60-field interlaced signal by applying a special kind of pull-down called advanced
2:3:3:2 pull-down. With Final Cut Pro or Cinema Tools, you can remove the redundant
fields created by the camera’s pull-down, so that you can edit at 24 fps.
When you edit 23.98 fps video, you may need to output it to an NTSC monitor, record it
to an NTSC videotape, or send it to another type of NTSC device. Because the NTSC
standard specifies a frame rate of 29.97 fps, Final Cut Pro gives you a way to add pull-
down back into the video as you output it. To accommodate various circumstances,
Final Cut Pro provides a few different types of pull-down patterns for outputting your
23.98 fps video as 29.97 fps video: 3:2 pull-down, 2:3:3:2 pull-down, and 2:2:2:4 pull-
down. (These pull-down patterns are described in “
Pull-Down Patterns You Can Apply
to 23.98 fps Video ” on page 194.)
There are a number of ways, described in the sections that follow, that you can use
Final Cut Pro or Cinema Tools to remove advanced 2:3:3:2 pull-down or 2:3:2:3 pull-
down from digital video clips. You can
 use Final Cut Pro to remove 2:3:3:2 pull-down while capturing, or after capturing
 use Cinema Tools to remove 2:3:3:2 or 2:3:2:3 pull-down on one clip at a time
 use Cinema Tools to remove 2:3:3:2 or 2:3:2:3 pull-down on several clips at a time
What Is 2:3:2:3 Pull-Down?
A 2:3:2:3 pull-down pattern is exactly the same as a 3:2 pull-down pattern, except that
it is applied by a digital video camcorder (as opposed to any other type of equipment
that could apply the same pattern of pull-down). This manual uses the term “2:3:2:3”
when referring to the pull-down that comes from a 24P digital video camcorder; this
type of pull-down can be removed using the automated form of reverse telecine,
described in “
Removing 2:3:3:2 or 2:3:2:3 Pull-Down With Cinema Tools ” on page 190.
UP01101.Book Page 187 Thursday, March 10, 2005 3:16 PM