Nortel Networks NN46120-104 User Manual

Page 289

289

Nslookup

A utility used to find the IP address or host name of a machine on
a network. To use the

nslookup

command on the VPN Gateway,

it must have been configured to use a DNS server.

NTP (Network Time Protocol)

A protocol used to synchronize the real-time clock in a computer.
There are numerous primary and secondary servers on the
Internet that are synchronized to the Coordinated Universal Time
(UTC) through radio, satellite or modem.

NVG

Nortel VPN Gateway.

Passphrase

Passphrases differ from passwords only in length. Passwords are
usually short, from six to ten characters. Short passwords may be
adequate for logging onto computer systems that are programmed
to detect a large number of incorrect guesses, but they are not
safe for use with encryption systems. Passphrases are usually
much longer—up to 100 characters or more. Their greater length
makes passphrases more secure.

PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail)

A standard for secure e-mail on the Internet. It supports
encryption, digital signatures and digital certificates as well as
both private and public key methods. Keys and certificates are
often stored in the PEM format.

Ping (Packet INternet Groper)

A utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is
online.

PKCS12

A standard for storing private keys and certificates.

PKI (public key infrastructure)

Short for public key infrastructure, a system of digital certificates,
Certificate Authorities, and other registration authorities that verify
and authenticate the validity of each party involved in an Internet
transaction. PKIs are currently evolving and there is no single
PKI nor even a single agreed-upon standard for setting up a PKI.
However, nearly everyone agrees that reliable PKIs are necessary
before electronic commerce can become widespread.

A PKI is also called a trust hierarchy.

Nortel VPN Gateway

User Guide

NN46120-104

02.01

Standard

14 April 2008