HP PN1050 - Manual (Page 91)

NWW TCP/IP Overview 91
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
TCP handles breaking the data into packets and recombining the packets on
the receiving end by providing a connection-oriented, reliable, and guaranteed
delivery service to another node on the network. When data packets are
received at their destination, TCP calculates a checksum for each packet to
verify the data is not corrupt. If the data in the packet has been corrupted during
transmission, TCP discards the packet and requests that the packet be resent.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
UDP provides similar services to TCP. However, UDP does not acknowledge
data receipt and supports request/reply transactions with no added reliability
or guarantee of delivery. UDP is used when acknowledgment and reliability
are not required, such as during a “discovery broadcast.”
IP Address
Every host (workstation or node) on an IP network requires a unique IP address
for each network interface. This address is a software address that is used to
identify both the network and specific hosts located on that network. Each IP
address can be divided into two separate parts: the network portion and the
host portion. It is possible for a host to query a server for a dynamic IP address
each time the device boots-up (for example, using DHCP and BootP).
Note When assigning IP addresses, always consult the IP address
administrator. Setting the wrong address can disable other
equipment operating on the network or interfere with
communications.
IP Address: (Network Portion)
Network addresses are managed by an organization in Norfolk, Virginia
recognized as InterNIC. InterNIC has been contracted by the National Science
Foundation to manage the Internet addresses and domains. Network addresses
are distributed to organizations that are in turn responsible for making sure all
attached devices or hosts on the network are properly numbered. For more
information on the network portion of an IP address, see “
IP Address Structure
and Class ” and “ Subnets ” later in this appendix.