Apple Logic Express 7 - Manual (Page 99)

Chapter 17 ES1 99
Rate
This defines the speed (frequency) of modulation. If you set values to the left of zero,
the LFO phase is locked to the tempo of the song—with phase lengths adjustable
between 1/96 bar and 32 bars. If you select values to the right of zero, it will run freely.
When set to zero, the LFO will output at a constant (and full) level, allowing you to use
the modulation wheel to modulate, say, the pulse width: moving the mod wheel
changes the pulse width in accordance with the “Int via Whl” setting, without
introducing LFO modulation.
Int Via Whl
The upper arrow defines the intensity of the LFO modulation if the modulation wheel
(MIDI Controller 1) is set to its maximum value. The lower arrow defines the amount of
LFO modulation if the modulation wheel is set to zero. The distance between the
arrows (indicated by a green bar) indicates the range of your keyboard’s modulation
wheel. You can simultaneously adjust the modulation range and intensity by grabbing
the bar and moving both arrows at once. Note that as you do so, they retain their
relative distance from one another.
Router
The router defines the modulation target for LFO modulation and the modulation
envelope. Only one target can be set for the LFO, and another one can be set for the
modulation envelope. You can modulate:
• the pitch (frequency) of the oscillator
• the pulse width of the pulse wave
• the mix between the main and sub oscillators
• the cutoff frequency of the filter
• the resonance of the filter
• the main volume (the amplifier)
The following two targets are only available for the modulation envelope:
• Filter FM (the amount of cutoff frequency modulation by the triangle wave of the
oscillator)
The modulation characteristics are non-linear. Thus, you can achieve a pseudo
distortion of existing sounds, or, if only the self-oscillation of the resonating filter is
audible, create metallic, FM style sounds. Switch Sub to off and Mix to Sub in order to
do so.
• LFO Amp (the overall amount of LFO modulation)
As one application, you can create a delayed vibrato by modulating the LFO
modulation intensity if the LFO router is set to pitch. The shape of the modulation
envelope will control the intensity of the vibrato. Select an attack style setting (High
value for form).