Apple Logic Express 7 - Manual (Page 81)

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EFM 1
The 16-voice polyphonic EFM 1 is a powerful synthesizer
based on frequency modulation.
It produces the typically rich bell and digital sounds that FM synthesis has become
synonymous with.
Concept and Function
At the core of the EFM 1 engine, you’ll find a multi-wave Modulator oscillator and a sine
wave Carrier oscillator. The Modulator oscillator modulates the frequency of the Carrier
oscillator within the audio range, thus producing new harmonics. These harmonics are
known as sidebands.
The EFM 1 is divided into three areas. The top ring contains the global Transpose, Tune,
Randomize, and Unison parameters.
The raised T-shaped FM engine in the center consists of the Modulator, Carrier, and FM
controls, including the Modulation Envelope and LFO.
The bottom section of the ring houses the Output section, and features the Sub Osc
Level and Stereo Detune parameters, plus the Volume Envelope, Main Level, and Velocity
controls.