H3C Technologies H3C S12500-X Series Switches - Manual (Page 111)

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Enabling TCP SYN Cookie
A TCP connection is established through a three-way handshake:
1. The sender sends a SYN packet to the server.
2. The server receives the SYN packet, establishes a TCP semi-connection in SYN_RECEIVED state,
and replies with a SYN ACK packet to the sender.
3. The sender receives the SYN ACK packet and replies with an ACK packet. A TCP connection is
established.
An attacker can exploit this mechanism to mount SYN Flood attacks. The attacker sends a large number
of SYN packets, but does not respond to the SYN ACK packets from the server. As a result, the server
establishes a large number of TCP semi-connections and can no longer handle normal services.
SYN Cookie can protect the server from SYN Flood attacks. When the server receives a SYN packet, it
responds with a SYN ACK packet without establishing a TCP semi-connection. The server establishes a
TCP connection and enters ESTABLISHED state only when it receives an ACK packet from the client.
To enable TCP SYN Cookie:
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enable SYN Cookie. tcp syn-cookie enable The default setting is disabled.
Configuring the TCP buffer size
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Configure the size of TCP receive/send
buffer.
tcp window window-size The default buffer size is 64 KB.
Configuring TCP timers
You can configure the following TCP timers:
• SYN wait timer—TCP starts the SYN wait timer after sending a SYN packet. If no response packet
is received within the SYN wait timer interval, TCP fails to establish the connection.
• FIN wait timer—TCP starts the FIN wait timer when the state changes to FIN_WAIT_2. If no FIN
packet is received within the timer interval, TCP terminates the connection. If a FIN packet is
received, TCP changes connection state to TIME_WAIT. If a non-FIN packet is received, TCP restarts
the timer, and tears down the connection when the timer expires.
To configure TCP timers:
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A