Lincoln Electric LTW2 LEARNING TO STICK WELD - Manual (Page 7)

4
LEARNING TO STICK WELD
JOINT TYPES AND
POSITIONS
Five types of welding joints are: Butt joint, Fillet joint, Lap joint, Edge
joint and Corner joint. See Figure 3.
FIGURE 3
Of these, the Butt Joint and Fillet Joint are the two most common
welds.
Butt Joints
Place two plates side by side, leaving 1/16” (1.6mm) (for thin metal)
to 1/8” (3.2mm) (for heavy metal) space between them in order to get
deep penetration.
Securely clamp or tack weld the plates at both ends, otherwise the
heat will cause the plates to move apart. See Figure 4.
FIGURE 4
Now weld the two plates together. Weld from left to right (if right
handed). Point the Stick electrode between the two plates, keeping
the Electrode Holder tilted in the direction of travel.
Watch the molten metal to be sure it distributes itself evenly on both
edges and in between the plates. This is referred to as the “pull
technique”. On thin gauge sheet metal, use the “push technique”.
Penetration
Unless a weld penetrates close to 100%, a Butt Joint will be weaker
than the material welded together.
In this example, the total weld is only 1/2” (12.5mm) the thickness of
the material; thus the weld is only approximately half as strong as the
metal.
In this example, the joint has been flame beveled or ground prior to
welding so that 100% penetration could be achieved. The weld, if
properly made, is as strong or stronger than the original metal.
Fillet Joints
When welding a Fillet Joint, it is very important to hold the electrode
at a 45° angle between the two sides, or the metal will not distribute
itself evenly.
To make it easy to get the 45° angle, it is best to put the electrode in
the holder at a 45° angle, as shown:
Butt joint Lap joint
Edge joint Fillet joint Corner joint
Weld Direction