Vernier Graphical Analysis 3 - Manual (Page 21)

Graphical Analysis for Windows TEACHER’S MANUAL
23
Chemistry
Titration
A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another
substance. The data in this sample file are from a titration of an HCl solution with an NaOH solution.
Beer’s Law
This is absorbance vs. concentration data for a set of solutions. A linear fit to the data (Beer’s law) and the use of
the Interpolate option in the Analyze menu help to determine the concentration of the unknown.
Conductivity
This sample file contains Conductivity vs. Volume (in drops) data. Conductivity was measured as the concentration
of the solution was gradually increased with the addition of drops of NaCl. The experiment was repeated with
drops of CaCL
2
and AlCl
3
.
Evaporation
These data illustrate the effects of evaporative cooling of two alcohols. Methanol, with a smaller molecular weight
than ethanol, cools the Temperature Probe to a lower temperature than ethanol.
Freezing Point Depression
This sample file contains Temperature vs. Time data for the cooling of pure phenyl salicylate and a benzoic acid-
phenyl salicylate mixture.
Physics
Ball Toss
The data shown here is a record of the position of a ball as it was tossed straight up into the air. The file also
includes velocity and acceleration data. Fit a straight line to the free fall portion of the velocity graph or a quadratic
function to that portion of the distance graph to determine the acceleration due to gravity.
Bouncing Ball
The data shown here is a record of the position of a bouncing ball. In addition to the raw distance and time data,
numerous calculated columns appear, including velocity, acceleration, kinetic energy, potential energy and total
energy.
Capacitors
This data is the voltage (or potential difference) across a capacitor as it was discharged and charged through
resistor. Use the data to investigate exponential and inverse exponential functions.
Trumpet and FFT
This file contains the waveform for a trumpet sound produced by an electronic keyboard. The also contains a Fast
Fourier Transform (or FFT) analysis of the data. The FFT shows the frequency and amplitude of the fundamental
frequency and overtones for this sound.
Tuning Fork
Here is the waveform pattern from a 256 Hz tuning fork recorded by a microphone. You can analyze the data to
determine the amplitude, period and frequency of this waveform. You can also fit a sine function to the data, either
automatically or manually.