GeoDesy Pronto X Series User Manual
Page 28
GeoDesy Kft.
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Broadcast: refers to transmitting a packet that will be received (conceptionally) by
every device on the network. In practice, the scope of the broadcast is limited to a
broadcast domain. Not all computer networks support broadcasting; for example,
neither X.25 nor frame relay supply a broadcast capability, nor is there any form of
Internet-wide broadcast. Broadcasting is largely confined to local area network
(LAN) technologies, most notably Ethernet and Token Ring, where the performance
impact of broadcasting is not as large as it would be in a wide area network. Both
Ethernet and IPv4 use an all-ones broadcast address to indicate a broadcast packet.
Fragments: datagram can be fragmented into pieces small enough to pass over a
link with a smaller MTU than the original datagram size.
Jabber: transmission of a packet on a computer network that is larger than the
network's MTU. Such transmissions hog bandwidth and congest the network. Many
network switches have a built-in capability to detect when a device is jabbering and
block it until it resumes proper operation.
Alignment error:Decoded package alignment is faulty.
Symbol error: Coding symbol is missing or faulty.
CRC error: cyclic redundancy check is a type of hash function used to produce a
checksum – a small, fixed number of bits – against a block of data, such as a packet
of network traffic or a block of a computer file. The checksum is used to detect errors
after transmission or storage. A CRC is computed and appended before
transmission or storage, and verified afterwards by the recipient to confirm that no
changes occurred on transit. CRCs are popular because they are simple to
implement in binary hardware, are easy to analyze mathematically, and are
particularly good at detecting common errors caused by noise in transmission
channel.