PLANET XRT-401E - Manual (Page 56)

A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive leading
1’s followed by consecutive trailing 0’s, such as 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000.
Therefore sometimes a network mask can also be described simply as “x” number of
leading 1’s.
When both are represented side by side in their binary forms, all bits in the IP address that
correspond to 1’s in the network mask become part of the IP network address, and the
remaining bits correspond to the host ID.
For example, if the IP address for a device is, in its binary form,11011001.10110000.
10010000.00000111, and if its network mask is, 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000
It means the device’s network address is 11011001.10110000.10010000.00000000, and
its host ID is, 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000111. This is a convenient and efficient
method for routers to route IP packets to their destination.
ISP Gateway Address: (see ISP for definition). The ISP Gateway Address is an IP
address forthe Internet router located at the ISP's office.
ISP: Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the
Internet for individuals and other businesses or organizations.
LAN: Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices connected together
in a relatively small area (such as a house or an office). Your home network is considered a
LAN.
MAC Address: MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware
address of a device connected to a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a
device with an Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two parts: 3 bytes of data that
corresponds to the Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are
often used as the product’s serial number.
NAT: Network Address Translation. This process allows all of the computers on your home
network to use one IP address. Using XRT-401E’s NAT capability, you can access the
Internet from any computer on your home network without having to purchase more IP
addresses from your ISP.
Port: Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network
application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and protocol/port
numbers:
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