Nikon D4 - Manual (Page 181)

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Studio Flash Lighting
Auto white balance may not produce the desired results with large
studio flash units. Use preset white balance or set white balance to
Flash and use fine-tuning to adjust white balance.
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See Also
When WB bracketing is selected for Custom Setting e6 (Auto
bracketing set,
0 325), the camera will create several images each
time the shutter is released. White balance will be varied with each
image, “bracketing” the value currently selected for white balance. See
page 145 for more information.
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Color Temperature
The perceived color of a light source varies with the viewer and other
conditions. Color temperature is an objective measure of the color of a
light source, defined with reference to the temperature to which an
object would have to be heated to radiate light in the same
wavelengths. While light sources with a color temperature in the
neighborhood of 5,000–5,500 K appear white, light sources with a lower
color temperature, such as incandescent light bulbs, appear slightly
yellow or red. Light sources with a higher color temperature appear
tinged with blue. The camera white balance options are adapted to the
following color temperatures:
• I (sodium-vapor lamps): 2,700 K
• J (incandescent)/
I (warm-white fluorescent.):
3,000 K
• I (white fluorescent): 3,700 K
• I (cool-white fluorescent):
4,200 K
• I (day white fluorescent):
5,000 K
• H (direct sunlight): 5,200 K
• N (flash): 5,400 K
• G (cloudy): 6,000 K
• I (daylight fluorescent): 6,500 K
• I (high temp. mercury-vapor):
7,200 K
• M (shade): 8,000 K