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Pololu 3pi Robot User Manual

Page 15

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If switches 1 and 4 are closed (the center picture), current flows through the motor from left to right, and the motor
spins forward. Closing switches 2 and 3 causes the current to reverse direction and the motor to spin backward. An
H-bridge can be constructed with mechanical switches, but most robots, including the 3pi, use transistors to switch
the current electronically. The H-bridges for both motors on the 3pi are all built into a single motor driver chip, the
TB6612FNG, and output ports of the main microcontroller operate the switches through this chip. Here is a table
showing how output ports PD5 and PD6 on the microcontroller control the transistors of motor M1:

PD5

PD6

1

2

3

4

M1

0

0

off

off

off

off

off (coast)

0

1

off

on

on

off

forward

1

0

on

off

off

on

reverse

1

1

off

off

on

on

off (brake)

Motor M2 is controlled through the same logic by ports PD3 and PB3:

PD3

PB3

1

2

3

4

M2

0

0

off

off

off

off

off (coast)

0

1

off

on

on

off

forward

1

0

on

off

off

on

reverse

1

1

off

off

on

on

off (brake)

Pololu 3pi Robot User's Guide

© 2001–2014 Pololu Corporation

5. How Your 3pi Works

Page 15 of 63