HiRO H50188 - Manual (Page 28)

26
WLAN ADSL2+ Router
LAN
Local area network. A limited distance (typically under a few kilometers or a couple of miles)
high-speed network (typically 4 to 100 Mbps) that supports many computers.
MAC
Media Access Control Layer. A sub-layer of the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the ISO OSI
Model responsible for media control.
MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit
NAT
Network Address Translator as defined by RFC 1631. Enables a LAN to use one set of IP
address for internal traffic. A NAT box located where the LAN meets the Internet provides the
necessary IP address translation. This helps provide a sort of firewall and allow for a wider
address range to be used internally without danger of conflict.
PPP
Point-to-Point-Protocol. The successor to SLIP, PPP provides router-to-router and
host-to-network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits.
PPPoA (RFC 2364)
The Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP) provides a standard method for transporting multi-protocol
datagrams over point-to-point links. This document describes the use of ATM Adaptation Layer
5 (AAL5) for framing PPP encapsulated packets.
PPPoE (RFC 2516)
This document describes how to build PPP sessions and encapsulate PPP packets over
Ethernet. PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides the ability to connect a network of hosts over a
simple bridging access device to a remote Access Concentrator.
PVC
Permanent Virtual Circuit. Connection-oriented permanent leased line circuit between
end-stations on a network over a separate ATM circuit.
RFC
Request for Comments. The document series, begun in 1969, which describes the Internet suite
of protocols and related experiments. Not all RFCs describe Internet standards, but all Internet
standards are written up as RFCs
RFC 1483
Multi-protocol encapsulation over AAL-5. Two encapsulation methods for carrying network
interconnect traffic over ATM AAL-5. The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols
over a single ATM virtual circuit. The protocol of a carried PDU is identified by prefixing the
PDU by an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC) header. This method is in the following
called "LLC Encapsulation". The second method does higher-layer protocol multiplexing
implicitly by ATM Virtual Circuits (VCs). It is in the following called "VC Based Multiplexing".
Router
A system responsible for making decisions about which of several paths network (or Internet)
traffic will follow. To do this, it uses a routing protocol to gain information about the network and
algorithms to choose the best route based on several criteria known as "routing metrics.
Spanning Tree
Spanning-Tree Bridge Protocol (STP). Part of an IEEE standard. A mechanism for detecting
and preventing loops from occurring in a multi-bridged environment. When bridges connect
three or more LAN segments, a loop can occur. Because a bridge forwards all packets that are
not recognized as being local, some packets can circulate for long periods of time, eventually
degrading system performance. This algorithm ensures only one path connects any pair of
stations, selecting one bridge as the 'root' bridge, with the highest priority one as identifier,
from which all paths should radiate.