Rane NM 84 User Manual
Page 10
Manual-10
101 designs. As with many technologies, repeater bus have
had their day and may soon be a thing of the past.
The second kind of network hardware devices are called
switched hubs which are only a little bit more expensive than
repeater hubs. Using switches for your network greatly
increases the efficiency of the network and allows computer
data to be shared on the network. Switches automatically
view the IP address (destination) of all incoming data and
only send the data out the single required port for delivery,
therefore, switches are unicast (point-to-point) devices.
Switches are the more common network hardware devices
used for CobraNet networks. Switched hubs are like the
Junior or Senior class of the network world.
A third type of network hardware is a managed switch.
Similar to a switch but the next step up the rung managed
switches can be user-configured in several ways: you can
create Virtual LANs (VLANs) and change the network
architecture among various VLAN setups; you can set the
managed switch up to prioritize the incoming data so audio
data has higher priority than computer data, for example. With
such capabilities, you can see that managed switches are not
simple, Networking 101 devices theyre more like the
Ph.D. candidates of the network world.
The fourth network hardware device to introduce is called
a media converter. These are devices that convert the electri-
cal signal from a set of copper wires (e.g., CAT 5 cable) to the
light signal of the fiber optic world. Use media converters
when the distance between network nodes exceeds the 100
meter limitation of copper cable.
Delay Times. There is an inherent delay between when
audio enters and exits a CobraNet network. For the NM 84,
the delay from when analog audio enters the device until it
appears at the analog output of another NM 84 on a typical,
small network is specified by three numbers. They are
CobraNets fixed 5.33 milliseconds and the A/D and D/A
propagation delays all of which are specified separately on
the NM 84 Data Sheet. This allows calculating delay times
across the network. The A/D time gets you onto the network;
the network delay is fixed between any CobraNet devices; the
D/A time is the time between the arrival of the CobraNet
audio and the analog audio exiting from the Monitor Outputs
when theyre configured to monitor Network audio. (See the
Peak Audio FAQ web page about the maximum number of
switch hops and delay times through network hardware
devices.)
Your application dictates whether this propagation delay is
acceptable or not. Most CobraNet applications wont have to
worry about this, but just to provide some insight, heres two
applications that may not like this delay. For example, a
theater with an elevated center cluster that provides coverage
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Table 2. Network Hardware