Penn-Century DP-4_4M - Manual (Page 9)

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4. Set the air syringe or Air Pump at the correct setting for use with the particular animal or planned
use.
5. Administer one pulse of air to the device while pointing the tip toward the open air or directing the
powder into a safe enclosure, as appropriate.
6. After one pulse of air, weigh the device again to calculate what percent of the total dose came out.
7. Apply a second pulse of air.
8. Calculate what percent has now been delivered.
9. Repeat this process until 100% of the dose has been released and the device has returned to its
empty weight.
This process will tell you how many pulses of air will be required to deliver 100% of the dose when the
device is inserted in the animal or used for your intended purpose.
• Delivering more than one pulse of air:
When using the 3ml air syringe: If the user has determined that more than one pulse of air is
required to deliver 100% of the dose, the user must remove the delivery tube from the trachea each time
to locate and reset the plunger of the air syringe to the correct air volume for the animal to be used (e.g.
2ml for rat, 3ml for guinea pig.) Then, re-insert the delivery tube in the trachea and push the plunger
quick and with some force.
When using the Penn-Century Air Pump: the user may maintain the delivery tube in position in the
trachea while they administer more than one pulse of air. The thumb button will automatically return to
the correct setting each time. Little pressure is needed to produce a puff of air.
• Important cautions regarding air pulse volume and animal safety
For in vivo use, the Penn-Century Dry Powder Insufflator™ is designed to aerosolize a precise dose of
powder sample while producing a slight insufflating affect in the lung to enhance deposition in the
animal. The recommended volume of each air pulse or puff of air is based on the tidal volume or
maximum lung capacity of the animal to be used. Excessive applications of air can cause extreme stress
to the test subject and even death. (If the device is being used to administer powders to other locations
or for in-vitro testing, these air volume constraints may or may not be relevant.)
• Setting the air pulse volume
The Model DP-4 can be operated either with a 3 ml plastic, commercial air syringe (provided) or a Penn-
Century Air Pump. The 3 ml air syringe has measurement marks along the side of it. The user must
position the tip of the plunger to the correct volume mark for use in a particular animal. This process
must be repeated each time another puff or pulse of air is administered to the animal. For use in rat, the
plunger of the air syringe must be positioned to administer air volumes of 2 ml. For use in Guinea Pig,
the plunger should be set to administer air volumes of 3 ml. For custom uses, this setting must to be
determined by the end user. Please note that the air syringe is disposable. It may wear over time and is
not intended for long-term use. The Penn-Century Air Pump has an adjustable air volume setting from 0-
5 ml. Once the volume is set to the desired amount using the small wrench tool provided, the device will
automatically administer the same volume by pressing down on the spring-loaded thumb button. It will
automatically return to the same setting each time.
• Positioning the delivery tube in the trachea
The use of Penn-Century’s intratracheal devices is essentially a form of intubation. The user is intended
to gently insert the tip of the device into the trachea of the anesthetized animal so that the tip is near to
but not touching the carina. If the tip is too high in the trachea, powder may accumulate along the walls
of the trachea or against the carina, rather than pass into the lungs. In larger animals or primates, it is
possible to use longer, custom-length Penn-Century devices via a bronchoscope or endotracheal tube and
target the carina or one lung.
• Cautions for intratracheal use in the animal
When using the 3ml air syringe, the user must push the plunger of the device fast and with force to
aerosolize the powder inside. For optimal lung deposition, the tip of the delivery tube must be positioned
near to, but not touching the carina. The user must therefore exercise care and attention to minimize
any forward motion of the hand while pushing firmly on the plunger, to prevent injury to the animal. If
users are using an Air Pump with the Dry Powder Insufflator™, this hand motion is minimized, but care