NXP Semiconductors UM10301 PCF2123 - Manual (Page 46)

NXP Semiconductors
UM10301
User Manual PCF85x3, PCA8565 and PCF2123, PCA2125
UM10301_1 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved.
User manual Rev. 01 — 23 December 2008 46 of 52
Fig 21. Block diagram I
2
C interface and Time counters
When there is no I 2 C activity the RTC is counting normally. Once an I 2 C read or write
operation is initiated, the I 2 C interface asserts the signal BLOCK. This signal stops the
time counters from counting. Additionally this results in the watchdog no longer being
reset. At the next rising edge of the 1 Hz clock, time does not increment because the
registers have been frozen. However, the watchdog counter increments now. Thus the
increase in time is recorded and after the read operation has completed BLOCK goes
low again. Now the stored clock in the watchdog is used to give an extra pulse to the
time counters to make sure that correct time is kept. Also the watchdog will be reset.
The maximum watchdog value is 2. If at the second rising edge of the 1 Hz clock after a
read operation was initiated, the reading operation has not been completed yet, BLOCK
will still be high. The time counters don’t increase and the watchdog counter increases
and reaches its maximum value. Its output is set active which resets the I
2
C interface
which in turn resets the BLOCK signal. Again one pulse (not two) is sent to the time
counters and the watchdog is reset. But now two rising edges of the 1 Hz clock didn’t
reach the time counters and only one was compensated for. The RTC looses one
second. The exact sequence of events is depicted in Fig 22.
I
2
C interface
Time counters
SCL
SDA
Pre-scaler
BLOCK
1Hz clocks
Watchdog
clock
64Hz
I
2
C watchdog (active low)
reset
This signal stops the time
counters from counting. It is
generated when an I
2 C
READ or WRITE is initiated.
This signal resets the I 2 C
interface if BLOCK remains
active for too long.