ClearOne Digital Media - Manual (Page 10)

TCP/IP – The Internet Protocol Suite is a set of communications
protocols used for the Internet. It is also known as TCP/IP named
from two of the most important protocols contained in it, the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol
(IP). Modern IP networking represents a synthesis of several
developments which evolved in the 1960s, 1970s, and emerged
during the 1980s, together with the advent of the World Wide Web
in the early 1990s.
The Internet Protocol Suite consists of four layers from the lowest
to the highest layer these are the Link Layer, the Internet Layer,
the Transport Layer, and the Application Layer. Each layer defines
the operational scope or reach of the protocols and are reflected
loosely in the layer names. Each layer has functionality which
solves a set of problems relevant to its scope.
The Link Layer contains communication technologies for the local
network where the host is connected to directly. The Internet Layer
describes communication methods between multiple links of a
computer and facilitates the interconnection of networks. This layer establishes the Internet
and contains primarily the Internet Protocol, which defines the fundamental addressing
namespaces. Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) and Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) are
used to identify and locate hosts on the network. Direct host-to-host communications are
handled in the Transport Layer which provides a general framework to transmit data between
hosts using protocols like the Transmission Control Protocol. The highest-level Application
Layer contains all protocols defined specifically for the functioning of the vast array of data
communications services. This layer handles application-based interactions on a process-
to-process level between Internet hosts that are communicating.
pg 10 StreamNet Digital Media and System Design Reference Guide
Internet Protocol Suite Layers
Common AV Signals and Interfaces
Application Layer
HTTP
FTP
TLS/SSL
SMTP
POP
IMAP
Transport Layer
TCP
UPD
Internet Layer
IP
ICMP
IGMP
Link Layer
DSL
ISDN
Ethernet
REQUEST
ANSWER