Detailed description – Rainbow Electronics MAX5176 User Manual

Page 10

MAX5174/MAX5176

Low-Power, Serial, 12-Bit DACs
with Voltage Output

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Detailed Description

The MAX5174/MAX5176 12-bit, serial, voltage-output
DACs operate with a 3-wire serial interface. These
devices include a 16-bit shift register and a double-
buffered input composed of an input register and a
DAC register (see

Functional Diagram

). In addition,

these devices employ a rail-to-rail output amplifier and
internal trimmed resistors to provide a gain of
+1.638V/V, maximizing the output voltage swing. The
MAX5174/MAX5176’s offset adjust pin allows for a DC
shift in DAC outputs. The DACs are designed with an
inverted R-2R ladder network (Figure 1) that produces
a weighted voltage proportional to the reference volt-
age.

Reference Inputs

The reference input accepts both AC and DC values
with a voltage range extending from 0 to V

- 1.4V.

The following equation represents the resulting output
voltage:

where N is the numeric value of the DAC’s binary input
code (0 to 4095), V

REF

is the reference voltage, and

Gain is the internally set voltage gain (1.638V/V if OS =
AGND). The maximum output voltage is V

. The refer-

ence pin has a minimum impedance of 18k

Ω

and is

code dependent.

Output Amplifier

With OS connected to AGND, the output amplifier
employs an internal trimmed resistor-divider, setting the
gain to 1.638V/V and minimizing gain error. The output
amplifier has a typical slew rate of 0.6V/µs, and settles
to ±0.5LSB from a full-scale transition within 18µs when
loaded with 5k

Ω

in parallel with 100pF. Loads less than

Ω

degrade performance. For alternative output

amplifier setups, refer to the

Applications Information

section.

Shutdown Mode

The MAX5174/MAX5176 feature a software- and hard-
ware-programmable shutdown mode that reduces the
typical supply current to 1µA. Enter shutdown by writing
the appropriate input-control word as shown in Table 1
or by using the hardware shutdown. In shutdown mode,
the reference input and amplifier output both become
high impedance, and the serial interface remains
active. Data in the input register is saved, allowing the
MAX5174/MAX5176 to recall the prior output state
when returning to normal operation. Exit shutdown by

reloading the DAC register from the shift register, by
simultaneously loading the input and DAC registers, or
by toggling PDL. When returning from shutdown wait
40µs for the output to settle.

Power-Down Lockout

Power-down lockout disables the software/hardware
shutdown mode. A high-to-low transition on PDL brings
the device out of shutdown and returns the output to its
previous state.

Shutdown

Pulling SHDN high while PDL is high places the
MAX5174/MAX5176 in shutdown. Pulling SHDN low will
not return the device to normal operation. A high-to-low
transition on PDL or an appropriate command from the
serial data line (see Table 1 for commands) is required
to exit shutdown.

Serial-Interface

The MAX5174/MAX5176 3-wire serial interface is com-
patible with SPI and QSPI (Figure 2), and MICROWIRE
(Figure 3) interface standards. The 16-bit serial input
word consists of two control bits, 12 bits of data (MSB
to LSB), and two sub-bits.

The control bits determine the MAX5174/MAX5176’s
response as outlined in Table 1. The MAX5174/
MAX5176’s digital inputs are double buffered, which
allows any of the following:

• Loading the input register without updating the DAC

• Updating the DAC register from the input register.

• Updating the input and DAC registers simultaneously.

Gain

OUT

REF

⋅

4096

OUT_

OS_

SHOWN FOR ALL 1s ON DAC

D0 D9

D10

D11

REF_

AGND

Figure 1. Simplified DAC Circuit Diagram