IBM S544-5285-01 User Manual

Page 201

Note 1: These combinations are possible only if a file contains a prefix

with a string that indicates a different code set than actually exists.
For EBCDIC data with ASCII newlines, use X

0320202020200A

For ASCII data with EBCDIC newlines, use X

03404040404025

Fixed-length files

Fixed-length files contain records that are all the same length. No other
separators or prefixes or self-identifying information exists that indicates the
record length. You must know the record length and use the
FILEFORMAT=RECORD,

nnn control statement, where nnn represents the

length of each record.

For variable- and fixed-length files using length prefixes, MO:DCA structured fields
are treated as a special case. All such structured fields are self-identifying and
contain their own length. They need not contain a length prefix to be correctly
interpreted, but will be processed correctly if there is a length prefix.

Understanding how ANSI and machine carriage controls are used

In many environments (including IBM mainframes and most minicomputers),
printable data normally contains a carriage control character. The carriage control
character acts as a vertical tab command to position the paper at the start of a new
page, at a specified line on the page, or to control skipping to the next line. The
characters can be one of two types: ANSI carriage control or machine carriage
control.

ANSI carriage control characters

The most universal carriage control is ANSI, which consists of a single
character that is a prefix for the print line. The standard ANSI characters
are:

Note that all ANSI control characters perform the required spacing before
the line is printed. ANSI controls may be encoded in EBCDIC
( CCTYPE=A ) or in ASCII ( CCTYPE=Z ).

Machine carriage control characters

Machine carriage controls were originally the actual hardware control
commands for IBM printers, and are often used on non-IBM systems.
Machine controls are literal values, not symbols. They are not represented
as characters in any encoding and, therefore, machine controls cannot be
translated. Typical machine controls are: