Rainbow Electronics DS17487 - Manual (Page 13)

DS17485/DS17487
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possible interrupt sources has its flag and enable bits both set. The IRQF bit in Register C is a 1 whenever
the
IRQ pin is being driven low as a result of one of the six possible active sources. Therefore,
determination that the DS17485/DS17487 initiated an interrupt is accomplished by reading Register C
and finding IRQF = 1. IRQF remains set until all enabled interrupt flag bits are cleared to 0.
OSCILLATOR CONTROL BITS
When the DS17487 is shipped from the factory, the internal oscillator is turned off. This feature prevents
the lithium energy cell from being used until it is installed in a system. A pattern of 01X in bits 4 through
6 of Register A turns the oscillator on and enable the countdown chain. Not that this is different than the
dS1287, which required a pattern of 010 in these bits. DV0 is now a “don’t care” because it is used for
selection between register banks 0 and 1. A pattern of 11X turns the oscillator on, but holds the
countdown chain of the oscillator in reset. All other combinations of bits 4 through 6 keep the oscillator
off.
SQUARE-WAVE OUTPUT SELECTION
The SQW pin can be programmed to output a variety of frequencies divided down from the 32.768kHz
crystal tied to X1 and X2. The square-wave output is enabled and disabled through the SQWE bit in
Register B or the E32k bit in extended register 4Bh. If the square wave is enabled (SQWE = 1 or
E32k = 1), then the output frequency is determined by the settings of the E32k bit in Extended Register
4Bh and by the RS3–0 bits in Register A. If E32k = 1, then a 32.768kHz square wave is output on the
SQW pin regardless of the settings of RS3–0 and SQWE.
If E32k = 0, then the square-wave output frequency is determined by the RS3–0 bits. These bits control a
1-of-15 decoder that selects one of 13 taps that divide the 32.768kHz frequency. The RS3–0 bits establish
the SQW output frequency as shown in Table 2. In addition, RS3–0 bits control the periodic interrupt
selection as described below.
If E32k = 1, and the auxiliary-battery-enable bit (ABE, bank 1; register 04BH) is enabled, and voltage is
applied to V
BAUX
, then the 32kHz square-wave output signal is output on the SQW pin in the absence of
V
CC
. This facility is provided to clock external power-management circuitry. If any of the above
requirements are not met, no square-wave output signal is generated on the SQW pin in the absence of
V
CC
.
PERIODIC INTERRUPT SELECTION
The periodic interrupt causes the IRQ pin to go to an active state from once every 500ms to once every
122µs. This function is separate from the alarm interrupt, which can be output from once per second to
once per day. The periodic interrupt rate is selected using the same RS3–0 bits in Register A, which select
the square-wave frequency (Table 2). Changing the bits affects both the square-wave frequency and the
periodic-interrupt output. However, each function has a separate enable bit in Register B. The SQWE and
E32k bits control the square-wave output. Similarly, the PIE bit in Register B enables the periodic
interrupt. The periodic interrupt can be used with software counters to measure inputs, create output
intervals, or await the next needed software function.