Laerdal SimMan - Manual (Page 9)

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Sounds
The torso contains a number of hidden speakers that allow the real-
istic auscultation of sounds:
- Lung
- Heart
- Bowel
Abdominal distension
Abdominal distension occurs with excessive ventilation while using
Bag-Valve-Mask or if the esophagus is intubated.
Urinary catheterization
Interchangeable realistic genetalia make it possible to simulate
female and male patients. The genetalia is connected to a reservoir
which can be filled with liquid during simulated catherization.
Arms
Blood Pressure Arm
Left Arm is a BP Arm with radial and brachial pulses and Korotkoff
sounds. The BP arm allows palpation and auscultation of a blood
pressure that can be measured automatically on the Simulated
Patient Monitor. Auscultation gap can also be simulated.
Blood pressure settings are controlled using the computer or
remote control. These settings are also linked to the ECG function-
ality, so if you are changing the rhythm from a perfusing rhythm to a
non-perfusing rhythm, this will also be reflected on the blood pres-
sure settings, which will be changed according to the new type of
rhythm.
A non-perfusing rhythm will also change breathing rate (BR) to zero.
When changing to a perfusing rhythm, the blood pressure will
remain at 0/0 until changed; breathing rate can not be changed until
blood pressure has been established.
IV-Arm
Right Arm is a Multi-venous IV Arm allowing:
- Cannulation
- Phlebotomy
- Drug administration
- Infusion
The veins are self-sealing allowing multiple uses; however, repetitive
insertions in the same area will result in leakage sooner than if the
cannulations had been spread over a wider area. The venous system
and the skin sleeve are both replaceable.
The IV arm can be used with simulated blood by attaching the sup-
plied IV bag tubing to one of the two latex vein openings near the
top of the arm. Using the supplied simulated blood concentrate, mix
the desired volume of simulated blood and add to the IV bag
(see procedure below). Release simulated blood until it runs via the
tubing into the arm and out the other latex vein. Once fluid is
running freely out of the second vein, seal it using a clamp. Using a
22 gauge (or smaller) needle for IV training increases the life of the
IV arm skin. If you want the student to infuse medicines, attach a
second IV bag for free flow.
Procedure for filling Blood Bag (IV Bag):
Use a syringe to inject fluid into IV bag, and fill to desired level.
Control flow of blood into arm, via clamp.
Air and CO
2
Source
Compressed air is provided by a compressor or other type of pres-
surized air source via a regulator unit, allowing many functions to
take place:
- Airway complications
- Spontaneous breathing
- Tension pneumothorax inflation
- Carotid and pedal pulse
Operating software
The SimMan SW is started by clicking the SimMan icon on the
computer desktop. After entry of password (optional) and
selecting a profile, the SimMan starts up in the default mode
which represents a patient in a healthy state. If the web camera
recording is enabled, you will be prompted to start the recording.
For more information on this feature, refer to the section on
video recording later in this document or to the help files.
The operating software is controlled via a Graphical User Interface
(GUI). The GUI displays an overview of the current status of
simulated patient’s vital signs, the control functions for modifying
these, and a time-based log of the events which has occurred during
the scenario.
The patient simulator can be operated in three manners;
- Manual mode,
- Semi-automatic mode
- Automatic mode
Operating Modes
Manual mode
In manual mode the vital signs parameters are changed
directly through changing the values one-by-one based on the
desired change of the patient condition.
The various vital signs parameter can be changed directly on the
GUI in the following ways. For detailed description, please see help
files under “Help” in GUI’s Program Menu Bar.
- To change values in the “Instructor Monitor Control Center”
(upper right corner of the GUI); click on the parameter and set
the new values, or rotate the mouse wheel while the cursor is
over the numerical values.
- To change values in the “Airway and Circulatory Control
Center” (center section which includes a torso illustration), by
click directly on the parameter which is to be changed and select
the new state, or use the slider bars.
- To change values in the “Respiratory Control Center” and
“Difficult Airway Control Center” (upper left corner) select
state or use the slider bars.