3B Scientific Baseline Analog Hand Evaluation Set 3 piece User Manual
Page 2
3-piece hand evaluation set
Hydraulic hand dynamometer – The hand dynamometer can be used to measure grip strength. It is calibrated in pounds and kilograms
of force.
The grip handle is adjustable to accommodate various size hands. Always use the same grip setting and dynamometer when evaluating a
specific subject for hand trauma or disease.
Set the handle to the desired position. Have subject hold the dynamometer in a comfortable position. The shoulder should be adducted
and neutrally rotated, the elbow flexed to 90 degrees, and the forearm and wrist should be in a neutral position. Have the subject squeeze
the handle using his/her maximum effort. The red maximum pointer will remain at the subject's maximum reading until it is reset. The red
maximum pointer must be reset before each grip test. Rotate the small knurled knob on top of the dial indicator in a counterclockwise
direction until it rests against the black pointer at the zero marking. Each grip test should be repeated three times and the average result
should be used.
Grip strength varies depending upon the size of the object being grasped. The adjustable handle allows for quantification of grip strength
for different sized objects.
To determine whether a subject is exerting maximum effort use the following protocol:
• Take readings with adjustable handle in all five positions
• Test the normal hand and then the injured hand
• Repeat the test after five minutes
If maximum effort was exerted there should be approximately a 10% variation in the two sets of test results.
Hydraulic Pinch Gauge – The finger pinch gauge can be used to measure pinch strength. It is calibrated in pounds and kilograms of
force.
Apply pinch force at the pinch groove while holding the pinch gauge between your thumb and finger(s). When force is applied further
toward the tip the reading will be slightly higher. When force is applied further toward the rear the reading will be slightly lower.
The gauge must be “zeroed” before each pinch test. Grasp the knurled ring of the dial indicator and rotate it until the zero on the dial indi-
cator is directly under the black pointer.
The red maximum pointer must be reset before each pinch test. Rotate the small knurled knob on top of the dial indicator in a counter-
clockwise direction until it rests against the black pointer at the zero marking. The red maximum pointer will remain at the subject's maxi-
mum reading until it is reset.
Use the pinch gauge to perform the three basic pinch tests:
• Tip Pinch --- thumb tip to index fingertip
• Key Pinch --- thumb pad to lateral aspect of middle phalanx of index finger
• Palmer Pinch --- thumb pad to pads of the index and middle fingers
NORMS FOR ADULT GRIP STRENGTH performance of all subjects (lbs)
men
women
age
hand
mean
SD
low-high
mean
SD
low-high
20-24
dominant
121.0
20.6
91-167
70.4
14.5
46-95
non-dominant
104.5
21.8
71-150
61.0
13.1
33-88
25-29
dominant
120.8
23.0
78-158
74.5
13.9
48-97
non-dominant
110.5
16.2
77-139
63.5
12.2
48-97
30-34
dominant
121.8
22.4
70-170
78.7
19.2
46-137
non-dominant
110.4
21.7
64-145
68.0
17.7
36-115
35-39
dominant
119.7
24.0
76-176
74.1
10.8
50-99
non-dominant
112.9
21.7
73-157
66.3
11.7
49-91
40-44
dominant
116.8
20.7
84-165
70.4
13.5
38-103
non-dominant
112.8
18.7
73-157
62.3
13.8
35-94
45-49
dominant
109.9
23.0
65-155
62.2
15.1
39-100
non-dominant
100.8
22.8
58-160
56.0
12.7
37-83
50-54
dominant
113.6
18.1
79-151
65.8
11.6
38-87
non-dominant
101.9
17.0
70-143
57.3
10.7
35-76
55-59
dominant
101.1
26.7
59-154
57.3
12.5
33-86
non-dominant
83.2
23.4
43-128
47.3
11.9
31-76
60-64
dominant
89.7
20.4
51-137
55.1
10.1
37-77
non-dominant
76.8
20.3
27-116
45.7
10.1
29-66
65-69
dominant
91.1
20.6
56-131
49.6
9.7
35-74
non-dominant
76.8
19.8
43-117
41.0
8.2
29-63
70-75
dominant
75.3
21.5
32-108
49.6
11.7
33-78
non-dominant
64.8
18.1
32-93
41.5
10.2
23-67
75+
dominant
65.7
21.1
40-135
42.6
11.0
25-65
non-dominant
55.0
17.0
31-119
37.6
8.9
24-61
ALL
dominant
104.3
28.3
32-176
62.8
17.0
25-137
non-dominant
93.1
27.6
27-160
53.9
15.7
23-115
NORMS FOR ADULT PINCH STRENGTH Key Pinch strength performance of all subjects (lbs)
men
women
age
hand
mean
SD
low-high
mean
SD
low-high
20-24
dominant
26.0
3.5
21-34
17.6
2.0
14-23
non-dominant
24.8
3.4
19-31
16.2
2.1
13-23
25-29
dominant
26.7
4.9
19-41
17.7
2.1
14-22
non-dominant
25.0
4.7
19-39
16.6
2.1
13-22
30-34
dominant
26.4
4.8
20-36
18.7
3.0
13-25
non-dominant
26.2
5.1
17-36
17.8
3.6
12-26
35-39
dominant
26.1
3.2
21-32
16.6
2.0
12-21
non-dominant
25.6
3.9
18-32
16.0
2.7
12-22
40-44
dominant
25.6
2.6
21-31
16.7
3.1
10-24
non-dominant
25.1
4.0
19-31
15.8
3.1
8-22
45-49
dominant
25.8
3.9
19-35
17.6
3.2
13-24
non-dominant
24.8
4.4
18-42
16.6
2.9
12-24
50-54
dominant
26.7
4.4
20-34
16.7
2.5
12-22
non-dominant
26.1
4.2
20-37
16.1
2.7
12-22
55-59
dominant
24.2
4.2
18-34
15.7
2.5
11-21
non-dominant
23.0
4.7
13-31
14.7
2.2
12-19
60-64
dominant
23.2
5.4
14-37
15.5
2.7
10-20
non-dominant
22.2
4.1
16-33
14.1
2.5
10-19
65-69
dominant
23.4
3.9
17-32
15.0
2.6
10-21
non-dominant
22.0
3.6
17-28
14.3
2.8
10-20
70-75
dominant
19.3
2.4
16-25
14.5
2.9
8-22
non-dominant
19.2
3.0
13-28
13.8
3.0
9-22
75+
dominant
20.5
4.6
9-31
12.6
2.3
8-17
non-dominant
19.1
3.0
13-24
11.4
2.6
7-16
ALL
dominant
24.5
4.6
9-41
16.2
3.0
8-25
non-dominant
23.6
4.6
11-42
15.3
3.1
7-26
NORMS FOR ADULT PINCH STRENGTH Tip Pinch strength performance of all subjects (lbs)
men
women
age
hand
mean
SD
low-high
mean
SD
low-high
20-24
dominant
18.0
3.0
11-23
11.1
2.1
8-16
non-dominant
17.0
2.3
12-33
10.5
1.7
8-14
25-29
dominant
18.3
4.4
10-34
11.9
1.8
8-16
non-dominant
17.5
5.2
12-36
11.3
1.8
9-18
30-34
dominant
17.4
6.7
12-25
12.6
3.0
8-20
non-dominant
17.6
4.8
10-27
11.7
2.8
7-17
35-39
dominant
18.0
3.6
12-27
11.6
2.5
8-19
non-dominant
17.7
3.8
10-24
11.9
2.4
8-16
40-44
dominant
17.8
4.0
11-25
11.5
2.7
5-15
non-dominant
17.7
3.5
12-25
11.1
3.0
6-17
45-49
dominant
18.7
4.9
12-30
13.2
3.0
9-19
non-dominant
17.6
4.1
12-28
12.1
2.7
7-18
50-54
dominant
18.3
4.0
11-24
12.5
2.2
9-18
non-dominant
17.8
3.9
12-26
11.4
2.4
7-16
55-59
dominant
16.6
3.3
11-24
11.7
1.7
9-16
non-dominant
15.0
3.7
10-26
10.4
1.4
8-13
60-64
dominant
15.8
3.9
9-22
10.1
2.1
7-17
non-dominant
15.3
3.7
9-23
9.9
2.0
6-15
65-69
dominant
17.0
4.2
11-27
10.6
2.0
7-15
non-dominant
15.4
2.9
10-21
10.5
2.4
7-17
70-75
dominant
13.8
2.6
11-21
10.1
2.6
7-15
non-dominant
13.3
2.6
10-21
9.8
2.3
6-17
75+
dominant
14.0
3.4
7-21
9.6
2.8
4-16
non-dominant
13.9
3.7
8-25
9.3
2.4
4-13
ALL
dominant
non-dominant
NORMS FOR ADULT PINCH STRENGTH Palmer Pinch strength performance of all subjects (lbs)
men
women
age
hand
mean
SD
low-high
mean
SD
low-high
20-24
dominant
26.6
5.3
18-45
17.2
2.3
14-23
non-dominant
25.7
5.8
15-42
16.3
2.8
11-24
25-29
dominant
26.0
4.3
19-35
17.7
3.2
13-29
non-dominant
25.1
4.2
19-36
17.0
3.0
13-26
30-34
dominant
24.7
4.7
16-34
19.3
5.0
12-34
non-dominant
25.4
5.7
15-37
18.1
4.8
12-32
35-39
dominant
26.2
4.1
19-36
17.5
4.2
13-29
non-dominant
25.9
5.4
14-40
17.1
3.4
12-24
40-44
dominant
24.5
4.3
17-37
17.0
3.1
10-23
non-dominant
24.8
4.9
15-37
16.6
3.5
14-25
45-49
dominant
24.0
3.3
19-33
17.9
3.0
12-27
non-dominant
23.7
3.8
8-33
17.5
2.8
12-24
50-54
dominant
23.8
5.4
15-36
17.3
3.1
12-23
non-dominant
24.0
5.8
16-36
16.4
2.9
12-22
55-59
dominant
23.7
4.8
16-34
16.0
3.1
11-26
non-dominant
21.3
4.5
12-25
15.4
3.0
11-21
60-64
dominant
21.8
3.3
16-28
14.8
3.1
10-20
non-dominant
21.2
3.2
15-27
14.3
2.7
10-20
65-69
dominant
21.4
3.0
15-25
14.2
3.1
8-20
non-dominant
21.2
4.1
14-30
13.7
3.4
8-22
70-75
dominant
18.1
3.4
14-27
14.4
2.6
9-19
non-dominant
18.8
3.3
13-27
14.0
1.9
10-17
75+
dominant
18.7
4.2
9-26
12.0
2.6
8-17
non-dominant
18.3
3.8
10-26
11.5
2.6
6-16
ALL
dominant
23.4
5.0
9-45
16.3
3.8
8-34
non-dominant
23.0
5.3
10-42
15.7
3.6
6-32
Finger Goniometer – The finger goniometer can be used to measure active or passive joint range of motion (ROM). It measures joint flex-
ion and hyperextension. It is calibrated in degrees.
Align the fulcrum of the goniometer with the anatomical fulcrum of the joint being measured. Place the flat arm of goniometer that is attached
to the dial indicator on the center of the limb (or extremity) to me measured. Hold both arms of the goniometer and move the joint through
its entire range-of-motion (this can be done actively by the subject or passively by the examiner.) The range of motion can be read directly
from the dial indicator